This module is concerned with systems of representation. In particular, it considers how visual culture, discourse and language work as ways of seeing. It analyzes questions of meaning, truth, knowledge and power in representation, and the relations between them. Unit objectives are: Develop an understanding of various forms of representation and the broad range of approaches to their analysis, explore visual images, language and discourse and how they work as systems of representation. To reflect upon questions of meaning, truth, knowledge and power in representation, and the relations between them, and to apply these different theoretical understandings to television, film, news and cyberspace and to be able to form conclusions based on independent judgement and learning. METHODS OF TEACHING: Lecture, seminar, presentation. METHODS OF ASSESSMENT: Coursework (100%).

On completion of the module you will have three types of skills:

Intellectual Skills

• You should be able to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of:
  • How we think as media scholars
  • Awareness of how to think critically about media representation
  • the difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods
• You will demonstrate this knowledge in your discussions in seminars and your essays.

Practical Skills

• You will learn how to view the media and its content critically
• You will be able to assess and critique published research on the basis of knowledge gained about media research methods.
• You will learn how to access and use published research both off and online, which will allow you to write an academic literature review.

Transferable Skills

• You will be able to discuss your ideas about media research in front of your peers, as part of the seminar participation requirement.
• You will develop advanced research and academic skills which you will demonstrate in your essays and in the seminars

 Lectures and Seminars

Please see Learning Outcomes.

Coursework.

Week 1          Introduction (David Machin)

Week 2          What differentiates media scholars from media commentators?(David Machin)

Week 3          Studying representations: iconography and the representation of social actors (David Machin)

                        Guest Lecture: Andrew Blackmore (Librarian for JOMEC)

Week 4          How to write an Essay? (And: What is particularly special about academic writing and referencing?)

Guest lecture: Sam Llewellyn (Royal Literary Fellow at JOMEC)

Week 5          Typography and colour in the image (David Machin)

Week 6          Discourses in language  (David Machin)

Week 7          Case Study research in JOMEC: representation and the war monument (Gill Abousnnouga)

Week 8          Case study research in JOMEC: racism in the media (John Jewell)

Week 9          Genre in Movies  (Ross Garner)

Week 10        What are the differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods?  (Tamara Witschge)

Week 11        Final conclusions

Hall, S (1997) ‘Representation, Meaning and Language’ in Chapter 1 ‘The Work of Representation’ from Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. London, California, New Delhi: Sage. Pp.15-29

Branston, G, and Stafford, R, 1997 (2010 edition), ‘Representations’ in The Media Student’s Book. London and New York: Routledge. Pp.106-137. [This text is a crucial reading for the first seminar in week 2]

Bignell, J,2002, Media Semiotics: An Introduction. Manchester: Manchester University Press, pp.5-28

Extract from Barthes, R, 1972, Mythologies, London: Jonathon Cape including ‘The World of Wrestling’ available at www.web.mit.edu/21l.432/www/.../Barthes_WorldOfWrestling.pdf

Branston, G, and Stafford, R, (2003), ‘Meaning and Media’ and ‘Case Study: Analysing Images’ in The Media Student’s Book. London: Routledge. pp.9-31.

Lester, 2010, ‘Visual Analysis’ in Visual Communication: Images with Messages. Wadworth.

Lacey, N, 2007, Narrative and Genre: Key Concepts in Media Studies. London: Palgrave. Pp.132-210.

Branston, G. and Stafford, R. 'Genre and other Classifications' in (2010 – 5^th edition) The Media Student's Book. London: Routledge.

Hall, S, 2003 ‘Foucault: Power, Knowledge and Discourse’ in Wetherell, M, Taylor, S, and Yates, S (eds) Discourse Theory and Practice: A Reader. London: Sage.

Richardson, J, ‘Analysing Newspapers: Context, text and Consequence’, in Analysing Newspapers: An Introduction to Critical Discourse Analysis. London: Macmillan. Chapters 1 and 2 (available as photocopy)

Olins, W. (2000) How Brands Are Taking Over the Corporation. In: Schultz, M et al (2000) The expressive organization : linking identity, reputation, and the corporate brand. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
O'Reilly, D (2005): Cultural Brands/Branding Cultures, Journal of Marketing Management, 21:5-­‐6, O-­‐Reilly, 573-­‐588

Hall, S, 2003, ‘The Spectacle of the Other’ in Representation: Cultural Representation and Signifying Practices. London: Sage. Pp.223-291

Lacey, N, 2007, Image and Representation: Key Concepts in Media Studies. London: Palgrave. Pp.133-43

Downing in Cannadine, D, 2007, History and the Media. Palgrave macmillan

Garde-Hansen, J, 2011, ‘Introduction: Mediating the Past’ from Media and Memory. Edinburgh University Press.

Fenton, N, ‘The internet and social networking’ in Curran, J, Fenton, N, Freedman, D, 2012 Misunderstanding the Internet. London and New York: Routledge.

Thumin, N, 2012 ‘Self-Representation and Digital Culture’ in Self-Representation and Digital Culture’. Palgrave Macmillan. Pp.1-15

Holmes, Su and Deborah Jermyn, 2003, ‘Introduction’ in Understanding Reality Television. London Routledge

Skeggs, Beverley, and Wood, Helen, 2012, ‘Reality Television: from representation to intervention’ in Reacting to Reality: Television, Performance, Audience and Value. Oxon and NY: Routledge

Fiske, J, 1989, ‘The Jeaning of America’ in Understanding Popular Culture. London and New York: Routledge.

Archibald, D, 2011,‘Photography, the Police, and Protest’ in Cottle, S, and Lester, L, (eds) Transnational Protest and the Media. New York: Peter Lang

Hall, S, date unknown, ‘Representations and the Media’ Lecture (in part) at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTzMsPqssOY

Hartley, J, Potts, J, Cunningham, S, Flew, T, Keane, M, and Banks, J, 2012, ‘Representation’ in Key Concepts in Creative Industries. London, California, New Delhi, Singapore: Sage.

Laughey, D, 2007, Key Themes in Media Theory. Berkshire: Open University Press.

McQuail, D, 2010, McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory. LA, London: Sage.

Stokes, J, 2012, How to do Media and Cultural Studies. London: Sage.

Chandler, D, 2007, Semiotics: The Basics. Routledge.

Danesi, M, 2002, Understanding Media Semiotics. London and New York: Oxford University Press.

Laughey, D, 2007, Key Themes in Media Theory. Berkshire: Open University Press.

Gillespie, M, 2006, Analysing Media Texts. Maidenhead ; New York : Open University Press

Van Leeuwen, T, 2005, Introducing Social Semiotics. London: Routledge.

Barthes, R, 1977, Image, Music, Text. London: Fontana Press.

Cook, G, 2001 (2^nd ed), The Discourse of Advertising. London. Routledge.

Lacey, N, 2009, Image and representation: Key Concepts in Media Studies. Palgrave Macmillan.

Scollon, R and Wong Scollon, S, 2003, Discourses in Place: Language in the Material World. London and New York: Routledge.

Smith, R, 2006, Text and Image. New Brunswick and London: Transaction

Altman, R. 1999, Film/Genre. BFI

Creeber, G, Miller, T, and Tulloch, J, 2008, (ed.) The Television Genre Book. BFI.

Feuer, J ,1992 (2^nd edition), 'Genre Study and Television' in R C Allen (ed.) Channels of Discourse, Reassembled. Routledge.

Gledhill, C, 2003, ‘Genre and Gender’ in Representation: Cultural Power and Signifying Practices. London: Sage. Pp.351-364

Mittell, J. (2004) 'A Cultural Approach to Television Genre Theory' in R C Allen and A Hill (eds.) The Television Studies Book

Neale, S, 2003, Genre and Hollywood. London: BFI

Tolson, A, 1996, ‘Genre’ in Mediations: Text and Discourse in Media Studies. Pp.90-111.

Bishop, H, and Jaworski, A, 2003, ‘We beat ‘em’: Nationalism and the Hegemony of Homogeneity in the British Press reportage of Germany versus England during Euro 2000’ in Discourse and Society, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp.243-271

Fairclough, N, 1995, Critical Discourse Analysis. Essex: Pearson Education.

Carabine, J, 2001, ‘Unmarried Motherhod 1830-1990: A Genealogical Analysis’, in Discourse as Data: A Guide for Analysis. London: Sage

Fowler, R, 1991, Language in the News. London: Routledge, Chapter 1 (available as photocopy)

Machin, D, and Mayr, A, 2012, How to do Critical Discourse Analysis. LA, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC: Sage.

Other chapters from Wetherell, M, Taylor, S, and Yates, S (eds) Discourse Theory and Practice: A Reader. London: Sage. (available as photocopy)

Wetherell, M, 2001, ‘Debates in Discourse Research’ in Discourse as Data: A Guide for Analysis. London: Sage.

Frampton, J. (2012) Branding in the Post-­‐Digital World, Interbrand (available online at http://www.interbrand.com/Libraries/Articles/Branding_in_the_Post-­‐digital_World_080612.sflb.ashx)
Holt, D. (2004) How brands become icons : the principles of cultural branding. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business School Press.
Klein, N. (2010) No logo : no space, no choice, no jobs. London: Fourth Estate. Olins, W. (2008) The Brand Handbook. London: Thames and Hudson
Wheeler, A. (2013) Designing Brand Identity: An Essential Guide for the Whole Branding Team. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons

Laughey, D, 2007,Key Themes in Media Theory. Berkshire: Open University Press. Pp.138-45

Le-Falle-Collins, Lizzetta, ‘Memories of Mammy’ in Candida Smith, R, (ed), 2006, Text and Image. New Brunswick and London: Transaction Publishers. Pp.234-249.

Mercer, K, 1999, ‘Reading Racial Fetishism’ in Evans, J, and Hall, S, (eds) Visual Culture: the reader. Sage: London/Open University. Pp.448-456.

Smith, R, 2006, ‘Memories of Mammy’ in Text and Image. New Brunswick and London: Transaction.

Weedon, C, 2004, various chapters in Identity and Culture: Narratives of Difference and Belonging. Berkshire: Open University Press

Cook, P, 2004, Screening the Past: Memory and Nostalgia in Cinema. Routledge.

De Groot, J, 2008, Consuming History: Historians and Heritage in Contemporary Popular Culture. Routledge.

Hoskins, A and O’Loughlin, B, 2010, War and Media. Polity Press.

Maltby, S, Keeble, R, 2007, Communicating War: Memory, Media and Military. Arima Publishing

Morris-Suzuki, Tess, 2004, The Past Within Us: Media, Memory, History. Verso Books.

Carpenter, Nico, 2011, Media and Participation: A site of ideological-democratic struggle. Bristol and Chicago: Intellect.

Coleman, S, 2005, New mediation and direct representation: reconceptualising representation in the digital age’ in New Media and Society. 7:177-198

Goffman, E, 1959, ‘Introduction’ in The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. London: Penguin.

Papacharissi, Z, (ed.) A Networked Self: Identity, Community, and Culture on Social Network Sites. New York and London: Routledge.

Turkle, Sherry, 1984, ‘Adolescence and Identity: Finding Yourself in the machine’ in The Second Self. New York: Touchstone.

Bignell, Jonathon, 2005, Big Brother: Reality TV in the Twenty-first Century. New York and Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan

Biressi, Anita, 2005, Reality TV: Realism and Revelation.  New York: Columbia University Press

Hill, Annette, 2005, Reality TV Audiences and Popular Factual Television. London and New York: Routledge

Turner, Graeme, 2010. Ordinary People and the Media: The Demotic Turn. SAGE.

Cammaerts, Bart, Matoni, Alice and McCurdy, Patrick (eds) (2011) Mediation and Protest Movements. Bristol: Intellect.

De Jong, W, Shaw, M, and Stammers, N, 2005, Global Activism: Global Media: Pluto Press

Dick, Hebdige, 1979, Subculture: The Meaning of Style. Routledge.

Harold, Christine, 2004, ‘Pranking rhetoric: “culture jamming” as media activism’ in Critical Studies in media Communication. 2004 Vol 21-3 p.189.
Opel, Andrew and Pompper, Donnalyn (eds) (2003) Representing Resistance: Media, Civil Disobedience, and the Global Justice Movement. Westport, Conn.: Praeger