HS2365: Complex Societies in Barbarian Europe

School Archaeology
Department Code SHARE
Module Code HS2365
External Subject Code F400
Number of Credits 10
Level L6
Language of Delivery English
Module Leader Dr Erika Guttmann-Bond
Semester Autumn Semester
Academic Year 2014/5

Outline Description of Module

This single module will examine selected themes in the development of the complex societies in Europe north of the Classical world. Important themes will be the development of an urban society, the significance of trade in establishing and defining a markedly hierarchical society, the problem of the origins of the Indo-European languages and the definition of the Celts and Celtic art. It will also examine the complex relationship these societies had with the Mediterranean world beginning with the establishment of the early Phoenician and Greek trading colonies and ending with the Roman Empire at its maximum extent

On completion of the module a student should be able to

By the end of the module students will have an understanding of:

  1.    chronological and regional developments in Barbarian Europe between 1500 BC and AD 400
  2.    the development of settlement hierarchies in specific regions within the study area
  3.    the relationship between trade, industry and social development in the study area
  4.  the problems involved in the use of language and art styles to define ethnic groups.

How the module will be delivered

The principal medium will be the illustrated lecture, using 10 lecture periods and 2 seminars throughout the semester.  Lectures will investigate individual themes.  Seminars will give students the chance to discuss topics in small groups and to contribute ideas and interpretations.

Skills that will be practised and developed

Intellectual Skills:

1. the ability to evaluate evidence of varying quality and source

2. the ability to correlate information from lectures, seminars and independent reading

3. the ability to present their knowledge in a coherent manner in essay and exam conditions

Discipline Specific (including practical) Skills:

The ability to demonstrate an understanding of archaeological evidence and its limitations

Transferable Skills:

1.  the ability to write cogently and critically in an assessed essay and under examination conditions.

2. the ability to understand complex arguments and evaluate the evidence in support of them.

3. to work independently and produce work to deadlines.

How the module will be assessed

Assessment: One essay (50%); one exam (50%)

Assessment Breakdown

Type % Title Duration(hrs)
Exam - Autumn Semester 50 Complex Societies In Barbarian Europe 1
Written Assessment 50 Complex Societies In Barbarian Europe N/A

Syllabus content

1 Introduction

2 Heuneburg

3 Halstatt D Europe

4 ‘Celts’

5 Thracians and Scythians

6 La Tene burials

7 Temples and sacrifice

8 Oppida (central Europe)

9 Oppida (western Europe)

10 Settlement evidence from Northern Europe

Essential Reading and Resource List

Please see Background Reading List for an indicative list.

Background Reading and Resource List

Allen, D F 1980 The Coins of the Ancient Celts. Edinburgh University Press.

Arafat, K and Morgan, C 1994 Athens, Etruria and the Heuneburg: mutual misconceptions in the study of Greek-barbarian relations. In I. Morris (ed) Classical Greece: Ancient  histories  and modern archaeologies. Cambridge University Press.

Arnold, B 1995 'Honoury males or woman of substance? Gender, status and power in Iron Age Europe', Journ European Archaeology 3.2, 153-168.

Arnold, B 1995 The material culture of social structure: rank and status in early Iron Age Europe. In Arnold and Gibson 1995, 43-52.

Arnold, B 1989 The deposed princess of Vix: the need for an engendered European prehistory. In Walde, D and Willows, N (eds) The archaeology of gender, 366-374.

Arnold, B and Gibson, D B 1995 Celtic chiefdom, Celtic state. Cambridge University Press.

Asingh, P. and Lynnerup, N. 2007 Grauballe man: an Iron Age bog body revisited. Moesgaard, Denmark: Jutland Archaeological Society

Audouze, F and Buchenschutz, O 1991 Towns, villages and countryside of Celtic Europe. London, BSA.

Barrett, J, Fitzpatrick, A P and Macinnes, L (eds) Barbarians and Romans in North -West Europe from the later Republic to Late Antiquity. Oxford: Brit Archaeol Rep Int Ser 471.

Bintliff, J 1984 Iron Age Europe in the context of social evolution from the Bronze Age through to historic times, In Bintliff, J (ed) European Social Evolution Archaeological Perspectives. University of Bradford.

Bradley, R 1990 The Passage of Arms: An archaeological analysis of prehistoric hoards and votive deposition. Cambridge University Press

Bren, J 1966 Trisov: A Celtic oppidum in south Bohemia. National Museum Prague.

BritishMuseum 1976 Thracian Treasures from Bulgaria. British Museum Press

BritishMuseum 1986 The New Thracian Treasure from Rogozen, Bulgaria. British Museum Press

Brunaux, J L 1987 The Celtic Gauls: Gods, Rites and Sanctuaries. Seaby.

Brunaux, J L 1999 Ribement-sur-Ancre (Somme).  Bilan preliminaire et nouvelles hypotheses. Gallia 56, 177-283

Brunaux, J L, Meniel, P, and Poplin, F 1985 Gournay 1, Les fouilles sur le sanctuaire et l'oppidum (1975-1984).

Brunaux, J-L, Meniel, P, and Rapin, A 1980 Un Sanctuaire Gaulois a Gournay-sur- Aronde (Oise). Gallia38, 1-25

Buchsenschutz, O 1995 The significance of major settlements in European Iron Age society. InArnold and Gibson (eds) 53-63

Cadoux, J-L 1984 'L'Ossuaire Gaulois de Ribement-sur-Ancre (Somme) Premieres Observations, Premieres Questions', Gallia 42, 53-78.

Champion, S. 1995 'New Europe looking for old Europe', Scot Archaeol Rev 9/10, 242-247.

Champion, T & Megaw, V 1985 Settlement and Society: aspects of West European prehistory in the first millenium BC. Leicester University Press

Champion, T C 1985 Written sources and the study of the European Iron Age. In Champion T C and Megaw, J V S (eds) Settlement and Society: aspects of West European prehistory in the first millenium BC. Leicester University Press.

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Web Pages

There are large numbers of web sites on the Celts, Scythians etc. Many of these do not provide the most accurate picture of the material we are covering in this course but there are some useful sites out there (see below) and I would be interested in any other good sites you come across. If you use web info in an essay the web site should be fully referenced.

http://www.heuneburg.de/celtic-museum-heuneburg/

This is the home page of the Heuneburg museum and contains useful summaries of the hillfort and some of the famous burial mounds that surround it.

http://www2.iath.virginia.edu/Barbarians/first.html

This is dissertation by C M Witt, Barbarians on the Greek Periphery, which provides a very good introduction to many of the early sites mentioned in the course and also to some interesting thematic discussions of the evidence. It is well worth a detailed look.


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